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Definitions from

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence

The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) provides national guidance and advice to improve health and social care. Their guidelines include glossaries of the terms they use; some of these definitions are specific to that one guideline, others are more generic.

At this stage we've included definitions from most of the guidelines relating to adult social care.

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'Honour'-based violence or 'honour' violence

NICE Guideline PH50 - Domestic violence and abuse: multi-agency working

A crime or incident committed (or possibly committed) to protect or defend the perceived 'honour' of a family or community. Often this term is enclosed in quote marks, or prefaced with 'so-called', to emphasise that the concept of honour in these cases is contested and that it is generally invoked as a means of power and control.

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Acquired cognitive impairment

NICE Guideline NG66 - Mental health of adults in contact with the criminal justice system

Any cognitive impairment that develops after birth, including traumatic brain injury, stroke, and neurodegenerative disorders such as dementia.

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Adult

NICE Guideline NG93 - Learning disabilities and behaviour that challenges: service design and delivery

In this guideline, 'adults' are aged 18 years or older.

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Adult

NICE Guideline NG11 - Challenging behaviour and learning disabilities: prevention and interventions for people with learning disabilities whose behaviour challenges

Aged 18 years or older.

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Adult with complex needs

NICE Guideline NG216 - Social work with adults experiencing complex needs

Adults with complex needs are defined as people aged 18 or over who need a high level of support with many aspects of their daily life, and relying on a range of health and social care services. This may be because of illness, disability, broader life circumstances or a combination of these. Complex needs may be present from birth or develop over the course of a person's life, and may fluctuate.

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Advance care planning

NICE Guideline NG119 - Cerebral palsy in adults

Defined by international consensus as: 'A process that supports adults at any age or stage of health in understanding and sharing their personal values, life goals, and preferences about future medical care. The goal of an advance care plan is to help ensure that people receive medical care that is consistent with their values, goals and preferences during serious and chronic illness.' See Defining advance care planning for adults (Sudore et al. 2017).

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Advance care planning

NICE Guideline NG108 - Decision-making and mental capacity

Advance care planning with people who may lack mental capacity in the future is a voluntary process of discussion about future care between the person and their care providers. If the person wishes, their family and friends may be included in the discussion. With the person's agreement this discussion is documented, regularly reviewed and communicated to key persons involved in their care.

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Advance care planning

NICE Guideline NG67 - Managing medicines for adults receiving social care in the community

A voluntary process of discussion about what care a person would or would not want in the future, if they were unable to make decisions because of illness or a lack of mental capacity to consent. The person may also choose to involve their family members or friends in discussions.

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Advance decision to refuse treatment

NICE Guideline NG108 - Decision-making and mental capacity

An advance decision to refuse treatment (sometimes referred to as a living will and sometimes abbreviated to ADRT) is a decision an individual can make when they have capacity to refuse a specific type of treatment, to apply at some time in the future when they have lost capacity. It means that families and health professionals will know the person's decisions about refusing treatment if they are unable to make or communicate the decisions themselves. An advance decision must be valid and applicable before it can be legally binding. For example, one of the conditions is that the individual is aged 18 or over at the time the decision is made. To establish whether an advance decision to refuse treatment is valid and applicable, practitioners must have regard to sections 24 to 26 of the Mental Capacity Act 2005. If the advance decision purports to refuse life-sustaining treatment, additional requirements apply. (See Chapter 9 of the Mental Capacity Act Code of Practice.)

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Advocacy

NICE Guideline PH50 - Domestic violence and abuse: multi-agency working

In general, advocacy for people who have experienced domestic violence includes: - legal, housing and financial advice - access to and use of community resources such as refuges, emergency housing and psychological interventions - safety planning advice. The activities may differ according to the level of risk facing the person. Crisis advocacy involves working with the person for a limited period of time (they may then be referred on to more specialised agencies). Practitioners providing advocacy can also provide ongoing support and informal counselling. The intensity of the advocacy provided may vary. It may last for a year - or longer, if the person is particularly vulnerable.

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Alternative and augmentative communication systems

NICE Guideline NG119 - Cerebral palsy in adults

Alternative and augmentative communication systems are a variety of methods (for example, signing, use of visual symbols and eye gaze technology) that can be used to help people with disabilities communicate with others. These systems or methods of communication can be used as an alternative to speech or to supplement it.

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Anger control

NICE Guideline CG77 - Antisocial personality disorder: prevention and management

Usually offered to children who are aggressive at school, anger control includes a number of cognitive and behavioural techniques similar to cognitive problem-solving skills training (see below). It also includes training of other skills such as relaxation and social skills.

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Annual health check

NICE Guideline NG96 - Care and support of people growing older with learning disabilities

An NHS initiative for adults and young people aged 14 and over with learning disabilities to provide additional health support and help to identify health conditions that could otherwise go undetected.

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Anthropometric measurements

NICE Guideline NG119 - Cerebral palsy in adults

Body measurements that include weight, height, knee height, mid-upper arm circumference, waist circumference, head circumference and skinfold thickness measurements.

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Anti-oppressive practice

NICE Guideline NG227 - Advocacy services for adults with health and social care needs

The phrase describes a critical examination of the impact of power, inequality and oppression on people. This could include examining an organisational structure while taking into account the wider social, cultural and political context. Anti-oppressive practice seeks to lessen the exclusion of certain social groups from social equality, rights and social justice. Anti-oppressive practice may include: - recognising the barriers that people might face, such as personal, cultural or structural barriers - recognising a person's place in a structure or culture and how this might affect other people - working to understand people's experience of oppression - recognising people's attributes and contribution - empowering people to realise their rights.

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Anxiety disorders

NICE Guideline CG192 - Antenatal and postnatal mental health: clinical management and service guidance

These include generalised anxiety disorder, panic disorder, obsessive?compulsive disorder, phobias, post?traumatic stress disorder and social anxiety disorder.

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Appropriate adult

NICE Guideline NG66 - Mental health of adults in contact with the criminal justice system

A person who is responsible for protecting (or 'safeguarding') the rights and welfare of a child or 'mentally vulnerable' adult who is either detained by police or is interviewed under caution voluntarily. The role was created alongside the Police and Criminal Evidence Act (PACE) 1984.

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Assertive outreach

NICE Guideline NG214 - Integrated health and social care for people experiencing homelessness

A proactive and persistent approach to outreach that involves repeated contact with people who are initially unable to or unwilling to engage.

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Assessment, Care in Custody and Teamwork

NICE Guideline NG66 - Mental health of adults in contact with the criminal justice system

ACCT is a prisoner-centred, flexible care-planning system which, when used effectively, can reduce risk, primarily of self-harm. The ACCT process is necessarily prescriptive and it is vital that all stages are followed in the timescales prescribed.

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Augmentative and alternative communication

NICE Guideline NG96 - Care and support of people growing older with learning disabilities

An umbrella term that includes methods of communication to supplement or replace speech or writing for people who need support to understand or express language.

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Augmentative communication

NICE Guideline CG142 - Autism spectrum disorder in adults: diagnosis and management

An alternative way of helping people with communication difficulties by using assistive technology such as computers or other devices, such as a speech output device.

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Baby

NICE Guideline CG192 - Antenatal and postnatal mental health: clinical management and service guidance

Refers to an infant aged between 0 and 12 months.

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Bed-based intermediate care

NICE Guideline NG74 - Intermediate care including reablement

Assessment and interventions provided in a bed-based setting, such as an acute hospital, community hospital, residential care home, nursing home, stand-alone intermediate care facility, independent sector facility, local authority facility or other bed-based setting. Bed-based intermediate care aims to prevent unnecessary admissions to acute hospitals and premature admissions to long-term care, and to support timely discharge from hospital. For most people, interventions last up to 6 weeks. Services are usually delivered by a multidisciplinary team but most commonly by healthcare professionals or care staff (in care homes).

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Behaviour support specialist

NICE Guideline NG93 - Learning disabilities and behaviour that challenges: service design and delivery

A practitioner who has training in helping people and their family members and carers to understand and change their behaviour if it is causing problems for them.

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Behaviour that challenges

NICE Guideline CG142 - Autism spectrum disorder in adults: diagnosis and management

A term used to describe behaviour that is a result of the interaction between individual and environmental factors, and includes stereotypic behaviour (such as rocking or hand flapping), anger, aggression, self-injury, and disruptive or destructive behaviour. Such behaviour is seen as challenging when it affects the person's or other people's quality of life and or jeopardises their safety.

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Behaviour that challenges

NICE Guideline NG93 - Learning disabilities and behaviour that challenges: service design and delivery

Behaviour of such an intensity, frequency or duration that the physical safety of the person, or others around them, is likely to be placed in serious jeopardy. It also includes behaviour that is likely to severely limit or deny access to and use of ordinary community facilities.

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Behavioural phenotypes

NICE Guideline NG11 - Challenging behaviour and learning disabilities: prevention and interventions for people with learning disabilities whose behaviour challenges

The expression of distinctive physiological and behavioural characteristics that have a chromosomal or genetic cause.

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Behavioural principles

NICE Guideline CG142 - Autism spectrum disorder in adults: diagnosis and management

Ideas, such as reinforcement and function of behaviour, that underlie behavioural therapies and underpin many interventions teaching adaptive skills for community living for autistic people, including those with behaviour that challenges.

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Body map

NICE Guideline NG57 - Physical health of people in prison

A diagram of the body on which physical injuries can be recorded.

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Brief strategic family therapy

NICE Guideline CG77 - Antisocial personality disorder: prevention and management

An intervention that is systemic in focus and is influenced by other approaches. The main elements include engaging and supporting the family, identifying maladaptive family interactions and seeking to promote new and more adaptive family interactions.

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Capacitous

NICE Guideline NG108 - Decision-making and mental capacity

Where used in this guideline, the term 'capacitous' is used to reflect the status of someone who has capacity to make decisions regarding their care and treatment - that is, those matters to which the Mental Capacity Act 2005 applies. This could be someone for whom there is no evidence to suggest the presumption of capacity should be displaced, or someone whose capacity to make decisions regarding their care and treatment has been formally assessed and who has been found to have capacity to make those decisions.

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Capacity

NICE Guideline NG67 - Managing medicines for adults receiving social care in the community

The ability of a person to make a decision about their own care, including: - decisions that affect daily life (for example, when to get up, what to wear or whether to go to the doctor when feeling ill, and more serious or significant decisions) - decisions that may have legal consequences for them or others (for example, agreeing to have medical treatment, buying goods or making a will). The Mental Capacity Act 2005 defines a lack of mental capacity as when 'a person lacks capacity in relation to a matter if at the material time he is unable to make a decision for himself in relation to the matter because of an impairment of, or a disturbance in the functioning of, the mind or brain'. Health professionals should follow the Department of Health's advice on consent. If a person does not have capacity to make decisions, health and social care practitioners should follow the code of practice that accompanies the Mental Capacity Act and the supplementary code of practice on deprivation of liberty safeguards.

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Care and support needs assessment

NICE Guideline NG86 - People's experience in adult social care services: improving the experience of care and support for people using adult social care services

Under the Care Act 2014, local authorities must carry out an assessment of anyone who appears to require care and support. The aim of assessment is to understand the person's needs and goals. After carrying out the assessment, the local authority consider whether any of the needs identified are eligible for support.

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Care and support plan

NICE Guideline NG86 - People's experience in adult social care services: improving the experience of care and support for people using adult social care services

A written plan after a person has had an assessment, setting out what their care and support needs are, how they will be met (including what they or anyone who cares for them will do) and what services they will receive.

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Care and support plan

NICE Guideline NG86 - People's experience in adult social care services: improving the experience of care and support for people using adult social care services

A written plan after a person has had an assessment, setting out what their care and support needs are, how they will be met (including what they or anyone who cares for them will do) and what services they will receive.

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Care home

NICE Guideline NG48 - Oral health for adults in care homes

This covers 24-hour accommodation with either non-nursing care (for example, a residential home) or nursing care.

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Care home

NICE Guideline NG189 - Safeguarding adults in care homes

Residential care homes (with or without nursing care) that are registered with and regulated by the Care Quality Commission.

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Care home providers

NICE Guideline NG189 - Safeguarding adults in care homes

Companies that own and operate one or more care homes that are regulated by the Care Quality Commission.

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Care navigation

NICE Guideline NG214 - Integrated health and social care for people experiencing homelessness

Helping people navigate the complex health and social care systems to overcome barriers in accessing services. This could be done by case workers, other practitioners or peers supporting the person, or by designated care navigators.

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Care pathway

NICE Guideline CG142 - Autism spectrum disorder in adults: diagnosis and management

A system designed to improve the overall quality of healthcare by standardising the care process and promoting organised efficient service user care based on best evidence to optimise service user outcomes.

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Care pathway

NICE Guideline NG54 - Mental health problems in people with learning disabilities: prevention, assessment and management

Defined in this guideline as the ways different services interact with each other, and how people access and move between them.

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Care provider

NICE Guideline NG67 - Managing medicines for adults receiving social care in the community

A provider organisation, registered with the Care Quality Commission to provide community adult care services, which directly employs care workers to provide personal care and support in a person's home.

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Care team

NICE Guideline NG67 - Managing medicines for adults receiving social care in the community

"The wider health and social care team of health professionals and social care practitioners. Health professionals include, but are not limited to, GPs, pharmacists, hospital consultants, community nurses, specialist nurses and mental health professionals. Social care practitioners include, but are not limited to, care workers, case managers, care coordinators and social workers." [Definition of "Health and social care practitioners"]

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Care worker

NICE Guideline NG67 - Managing medicines for adults receiving social care in the community

A person who is employed to provide care and support to people in their own home. This includes home care workers, personal assistants (who are directly employed by people who use services) and other support workers. Note that a person's own home includes extra care housing, Shared Lives Scheme (formerly Adult Placement Scheme) living arrangements, sheltered housing (such as supported housing or specialist accommodation), supported living and temporary accommodation (such as for people who are homeless).

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Care worker

NICE Guideline NG54 - Safeguarding adults in care homes

A person who provides paid support to someone who is ill, having trouble coping or has disabilities, in a variety of settings (including residential homes, supported living settings and day services).

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Carer

NICE Guideline NG93 - Learning disabilities and behaviour that challenges: service design and delivery

Someone who provides informal care and support to a child, young person or adult with a learning disability. It does not cover staff who are paid to provide care or support.

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Carer

NICE Guideline NG86 - People's experience in adult social care services: improving the experience of care and support for people using adult social care services

A person who provides unpaid support to a partner, family member, friend or neighbour who is ill, struggling or disabled and could not manage without this help. This is distinct from a care worker, who is paid to support people.

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Carer

NICE Guideline NG67 - Managing medicines for adults receiving social care in the community

The term 'carer' is used to define an informal, unpaid carer only (see also 'care worker').

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Carer

NICE Guideline NG66 - Mental health of adults in contact with the criminal justice system

A person who provides unpaid support to someone who is ill, having trouble coping or who has disabilities.

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Carer

NICE Guideline NG54 - Mental health problems in people with learning disabilities: prevention, assessment and management

A person who provides unpaid support to someone who is ill, having trouble coping or has disabilities.

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Carer

NICE Guideline NG27 - Transition between inpatient hospital settings and community or care home settings for adults with social care needs

A carer is someone who helps another person, usually a relative or friend, in their day?to?day life. This is not the same as someone who provides care professionally or through a voluntary organisation.

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Carer

NICE Guideline NG11 - Challenging behaviour and learning disabilities: prevention and interventions for people with learning disabilities whose behaviour challenges

A person who provides unpaid support to a partner, family member, friend or neighbour who is ill, struggling or has a disability. This does not include paid carers (care workers), who are included in the definition of staff.

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Carer

NICE Guideline NG150 - Supporting adult carers

In this guideline, a carer is an adult (aged 18 or over) who provides unpaid care and support to a family member, partner or friend (aged 16 or over) because of a disability, health condition, frailty, mental health problem, addiction or other health or social care need.

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Carer

NICE Guideline NG53 - Transition between inpatient mental health settings and community or care home settings

A carer is someone who helps another person, usually a relative or friend, in their day-to-day life. This is not the same as someone who provides care professionally or through a voluntary organisation.

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Carer assessment

NICE Guideline NG150 - Supporting adult carers

Anyone who is an unpaid carer for a family member or friend has the right to discuss their own needs with their local authority, separate to the needs of the person they care for. This is a statutory requirement under the Care Act 2014. Carers can discuss anything they think would help with their own health and wellbeing or with managing other aspects of their life, including their caring role. The local authority uses this information to decide what help it can offer.

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Carer champion

NICE Guideline NG150 - Supporting adult carers

A designated member of staff (for example in a GP surgery, hospital, workplace, leisure or similar setting) who is given the task of supporting and speaking up for carers. They can act as a key contact for carer information and advice in that setting, providing knowledgeable, expert advice as well as training other practitioners working within the service.

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Carer support plan

NICE Guideline NG150 - Supporting adult carers

If a carer is identified as having eligible needs following an assessment under the Care Act 2014, the local authority must provide a support plan that sets out how those needs will be met. The support plan must be developed in partnership with the carer and should set out the outcomes the carer hopes to achieve, including their wishes around providing care and accessing work, education and leisure. The support plan must be regularly reviewed.

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Carers' breaks

NICE Guideline NG150 - Supporting adult carers

These services, which would include respite care, give carers a break by providing short-term care for the person with care needs in their own home or in a residential setting. This can mean a few hours during the day or evening, overnight, or a longer-term break. Carers' breaks may be one-off or more regular arrangements. They can also benefit the person with care needs by giving them the chance to try new activities and meet new people.

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Case finding

NICE Guideline NG97 - Dementia: assessment, management and support for people living with dementia and their carers

A strategy of actively assessing people who are at risk for a particular disease, before they present with symptoms and before there is clinical suspicion of the condition. It does not refer to situations such as assessing people for dementia after an acute episode of delirium, where clinical suspicion of dementia is likely to already be raised.

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Centre for Independent Living

NICE Guideline NG86 - People's experience in adult social care services: improving the experience of care and support for people using adult social care services

A local organisation run by people with disabilities, that supports disabled people in their area to make choices about how and where they live their lives, with the assistance and support they need to live as independently as possible.

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Chelation

NICE Guideline CG142 - Autism spectrum disorder in adults: diagnosis and management

A procedure that involves using one or more substances (chelating agents) to remove materials that are toxic, including heavy metals such as mercury, from the body.

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Child

NICE Guideline NG93 - Learning disabilities and behaviour that challenges: service design and delivery

In this guideline, 'children' are aged 12 years or younger. (A similar definition is given in guideline NG53 (Mental health problems in people with learning disabilities: prevention, assessment and management) and NG11 (Challenging behaviour and learning disabilities: prevention and interventions for people with learning disabilities whose behaviour challenges).

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Children and young people affected by domestic violence and abuse

NICE Guideline PH50 - Domestic violence and abuse: multi-agency working

Children (aged under 16) and young people (aged 16 to 18) can experience domestic violence and abuse: - when they are affected by it; this includes fearing, hearing or seeing it within their families, or worrying about its effects on someone else - within their own intimate relationships. Young people may also perpetrate domestic violence and abuse in their own intimate relationships and on their parents or carers.

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Chunk and check

NICE Guideline NG197 - Shared decision making

A technique to break down information into smaller, more manageable chunks rather than providing it all at once. In between each 'chunk', methods such as teach back are used to check for understanding before moving on.

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Co-morbidity

NICE Guideline NG119 - Cerebral palsy in adults

In the context of cerebral palsy, comorbidities are health problems caused by the brain disorder that also caused the motor impairment that is the core problem of cerebral palsy, but are not a direct complication of the motor disorder. For example, visual impairment and epilepsy are described as comorbidities because they are caused by the brain disorder. Hip dislocation and scoliosis are complications of the motor disorder and would not be described as comorbidities.

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Co-production

NICE Guideline NG86 - People's experience in adult social care services: improving the experience of care and support for people using adult social care services

When a person who uses services is involved as an equal partner in designing the support and services they receive. Co?production recognises that people who use social care services (and their families) have knowledge and experience that can be used to help make services better, not only for themselves but for other people who need social care. The Think Local Act Personal's 6 principles of co-production are: - recognising people as assets - building on people's capabilities - developing 2?way, reciprocal relationships - encouraging peer support - blurring boundaries between delivering and receiving services - facilitating rather than delivering.

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Coaching

NICE Guideline NG27 - Transition between inpatient hospital settings and community or care home settings for adults with social care needs

Giving someone instructions to support them through hospital discharge. For example in how to use their medicines effectively, or how to identify possible triggers that indicate their condition is deteriorating and what to do about it.

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Coercive behaviour

NICE Guideline PH50 - Domestic violence and abuse: multi-agency working

Coercive behaviour is an act, or a pattern of acts, involving assault, threats, humiliation and intimidation or other abuse, to harm, punish or frighten someone. This includes so-called 'honour'-based violence and forced marriage. People who experience domestic violence can be male or female and from any ethnic group. (A person who provides paid support to someone who is ill, having trouble coping or has disabilities, in a variety of settings (including residential homes, supported living settings and day services). (Home Office [2012] Ending violence against women and girls in the UK [accessed 6 November 2012].)

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Cognitive problem-solving skills training

NICE Guideline CG77 - Antisocial personality disorder: prevention and management

An intervention that aims to reduce children's conduct problems by teaching them different responses to interpersonal situations. Using cognitive and behavioural techniques with the child, the training has a focus on thought processes. The training includes: - teaching a step-by-step approach to solving interpersonal problems - structured tasks such as games and stories to aid the development of skills - combining a variety of approaches including modelling and practice, role-playing and reinforcement.

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Cognitive rehabilitation

NICE Guideline NG97 - Dementia: assessment, management and support for people living with dementia and their carers

Identifying functional goals that are relevant to the person living with dementia, and working with them and their family members or carers to achieve these. The emphasis is on improving or maintaining functioning in everyday life, building on the person's strengths and finding ways to compensate for impairments, and supporting independence. Cognitive rehabilitation does not aim to improve cognition, but addresses the disability resulting from the impact of cognitive impairment on everyday functioning and activity. Rehabilitation is sometimes referred to as 'reablement'.

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Cognitive stimulation

NICE Guideline NG97 - Dementia: assessment, management and support for people living with dementia and their carers

Engaging in a range of activities and discussions (usually in a group) that are aimed at general improvement of cognitive and social functioning.

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Cognitive training

NICE Guideline NG97 - Dementia: assessment, management and support for people living with dementia and their carers

Guided practice on a set of standard tasks that are designed to reflect particular cognitive functions. There may be a range of difficulty levels, to fit the tasks to each person's level of ability.

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Commissioner

NICE Guideline NG86 - People's experience in adult social care services: improving the experience of care and support for people using adult social care services

A person or organisation that plans the services that are needed by the people who live in the area the organisation covers, and ensures that services are available. Sometimes the commissioner will pay for services, but not always. The local council is the commissioner for adult social care. NHS care is commissioned separately by local clinical commissioning groups. In many areas, health and social care commissioners work together to make sure that the right services are in place for the local population. (NG86)

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Commissioner

NICE Guideline NG189 - Safeguarding adults in care homes

Local authorities, clinical commissioning groups and other public sector commissioners who oversee contracts for care and support services provided by care homes that pay for care home residents who are eligible for public funding. The term 'commissioner' does not apply to individuals who pay privately for their care.

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Communication aid

NICE Guideline NG86 - People's experience in adult social care services: improving the experience of care and support for people using adult social care services

A communication aid helps a person to communicate more effectively with those around them. This could range from a simple letter board to a more sophisticated piece of electronic equipment.

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Community or salaried dental services

NICE Guideline NG48 - Oral health for adults in care homes

Employed dentists and dental care professionals who provide routine dental care for people who cannot be treated by general dental practitioners.

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Community-based multidisciplinary team

NICE Guideline NG27 - Transition between inpatient hospital settings and community or care home settings for adults with social care needs

Members of a community-based multidisciplinary team could include: GP; community nurse; community mental health practitioner; social worker; housing officer; voluntary sector practitioners; community pharmacist; therapists; registered manager.

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Complex needs

NICE Guideline NG216 - Social work with adults experiencing complex needs

Adults with complex needs are defined as people aged 18 or over who need a high level of support with many aspects of their daily life, and relying on a range of health and social care services. This may be because of illness, disability, broader life circumstances or a combination of these. Complex needs may be present from birth or develop over the course of a person's life, and may fluctuate.

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Complex rehabilitation needs

NICE Guideline NG211 - Rehabilitation after traumatic injury

Complex rehabilitation needs cover multiple needs due to traumatic injury or injuries (polytrauma), and will involve coordinated multidisciplinary input from 2 or more allied health professional disciplines.

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Comprehensive assessment of older people with complex needs

NICE Guideline NG27 - Transition between inpatient hospital settings and community or care home settings for adults with social care needs

A comprehensive geriatric assessment is an interdisciplinary diagnostic process to determine the medical, psychological and functional capability of someone who is frail and old. The aim is to develop a coordinated, integrated plan for treatment and long?term support.

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Consent

NICE Guideline NG108 - Decision-making and mental capacity

The voluntary and continuing permission of the person to receive particular treatment or care and support, based on an adequate knowledge of the purpose, nature, likely effects and risks including the likelihood of success, any alternatives to it and what will happen if the treatment does not go ahead. Permission given under any unfair or undue pressure is not consent. By definition, a person who lacks capacity to consent cannot consent to treatment or care and support, even if they cooperate with the treatment or actively seek it.

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Contemporaneous

NICE Guideline NG108 - Decision-making and mental capacity

This is being used to describe how, during advance care planning, the practitioner should take notes of the discussions and decisions reached at the same time as those discussions are taking place.

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Contingency fund

NICE Guideline NG93 - Learning disabilities and behaviour that challenges: service design and delivery

A sum of money set aside to fund any unforeseen expenditure, and to respond quickly in an emergency.

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Contingency management

NICE Guideline NG66 - Mental health of adults in contact with the criminal justice system

A set of techniques that focus on the use of reinforcement to change certain specified behaviours. These may include promoting abstinence from drugs (for example, cocaine), reducing drug misuse (for example, illicit drug use by people receiving methadone maintenance treatment), and improving adherence to interventions that can improve physical health outcomes.

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Contingency management

NICE Guideline NG58 -Coexisting severe mental illness and substance misuse: community health and social care services

Contingency management is a set of techniques that focus on changing specific behaviours. For example, in drug misuse, it involves offering incentives for positive behaviours such as abstinence or a reduction in illicit drug use, and participation in health-promoting interventions.

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Contract or temporary staff

NICE Guideline NG189 - Safeguarding adults in care homes

Staff who are not employed on a permanent contract with the care home, who may be supplied by an employment agency on a short-term basis, or who might be employed on a zero hours contract or on a casual labour basis.

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Controlled motion device

NICE Guideline NG211 - Rehabilitation after traumatic injury

A device that gently flexes and extends the knee joint (usually after surgery) to allow the joint to bend without the person needing to exert any effort. Sometimes called a continuous passive motion machine.

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Controlling behaviour

NICE Guideline PH50 - Domestic violence and abuse: multi-agency working

Controlling behaviour involves a range of acts designed to make a person subordinate or dependent. This could range from isolating them from sources of support to exploiting them for personal gain. It can also involve depriving them of the means to be independent, including stopping them from leaving and regulating their everyday behaviour. (Home Office [2012] New definition of domestic violence, 18 September 2012).

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Coping strategies

NICE Guideline NG53 - Transition between inpatient mental health settings and community or care home settings

Coping strategies are the methods a person uses to deal with stressful situations. The term is used in this guideline to refer to ways that people recognise changes and cope with their mental illness or related symptoms. Some coping strategies can have negative consequences for a person using them or for the people around them.

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Correctional Mental Health Screen for men or women

NICE Guideline NG66 - Mental health of adults in contact with the criminal justice system

This is a screening tool that measures acute mental health issues present in people in prison. Questions are answered in a yes/no format, and then rated on a Likert-scale from 1 (low risk or need) to 5 (high risk or need), depending on severity.

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Court Appointed Deputy

NICE Guideline NG108 - Decision-making and mental capacity

A person appointed by the Court of Protection who is authorised to make decisions (relating to the person's health, welfare, property or financial affairs) on behalf of someone who lacks mental capacity and who cannot make a decision for themselves at the time it needs to be made.

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Crisis response

NICE Guideline NG74 - Intermediate care including reablement

Community-based services provided to people in their own home or a care home. These services aim to avoid hospital admissions. Crisis response usually involves an assessment, and may provide short-term interventions (usually up to 48 hours). Crisis response is delivered by a multidisciplinary team but most commonly by healthcare professionals.

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Cultural competence

NICE Guideline NG227 - Advocacy services for adults with health and social care needs

Cultural competence is the ability to understand and respond to a person's particular religious, cultural or language needs and experiences.

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Day care services

NICE Guideline NG86 - People's experience in adult social care services: improving the experience of care and support for people using adult social care services

Opportunities for people to do things during the day, while living in their own home. These may include social activities, education, or the opportunity to learn new skills. What the local council offers will vary, depending on what a person needs and what is available in that area. People who use services may have to pay something towards the cost.

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Debriefing

NICE Guideline NG216 - Social work with adults experiencing complex needs

Debriefing after a distressing or safety-related incident involves the social worker having an opportunity to speak to a manager or senior colleague as soon as possible after the incident. This can be used, for example, to acknowledge the difficult situation and look into any support the social worker needs, including psychological support or counselling. This could start a reflective process to identify any lessons or ways to improve practice in future.

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Developmentally appropriate

NICE Guideline NG43 - Transition from children's to adults' services for young people using health or social care services

An approach to supporting young people that recognises them as a distinct group, subject to constantly changing circumstances. Developmentally appropriate care and support considers the young person as a whole, addressing their biological, psychological and social development in the broadest terms. This approach will need joined?up service provision, and for the young person to be informed about, and supported to play an active role in, their care and support (Farre et al. [2015] Developmentally appropriate healthcare for young people: a scoping study).

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Diagnostic overshadowing

NICE Guideline NG96 - Care and support of people growing older with learning disabilities

In this guideline, this is used to mean the tendency to attribute all behavioural, emotional, physical and social issues to a person's learning disability or a pre-existing condition, while overlooking the possibility that they could be symptoms of other conditions or difficulties. An example would be attributing challenging behaviour to a learning disability when it could be a reaction to abdominal pain, which in turn might be symptomatic of a physical health problem.

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Digital platforms

NICE Guideline NG227 - Advocacy services for adults with health and social care needs

This describes digital spaces where communication can occur, or information can be exchanged, securely. This could include some social media.

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Discharge letter

NICE Guideline NG53 - Transition between inpatient mental health settings and community or care home settings

A short document that includes the details of a person's current prescription, the reasons for any changes in medicines and their immediate medication treatment plan.

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Discharge summary

NICE Guideline NG53 - Transition between inpatient mental health settings and community or care home settings

A summary of what happened during a person's admission and hospital stay from a medical perspective. It must include the diagnosis, outcomes of investigations, changes to treatment and the medicines started or stopped, or dosage changes and reasons why.

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